第1章 数据实时同步介绍

1.1 什么是实时同步：如何实现实时同步

1.2 实现实时同步的方法

1.2.1 实时同步原理介绍

1.3 inotify+rsync 方式实现数据同步

1.3.1 Inotify简介

inotify的实现有几款软件：

1.3.2 inotify+rsync使用方式

inotify 对同步数据目录信息的监控

rsync  完成对数据信息的实时同步

1.4 部署inotify软件的前提

1.4.1 三个重要文件的说明

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    <strong><span style="font-family: '微软雅黑',sans-serif;">默认值</span></strong>
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    <strong><span style="font-family: '微软雅黑',sans-serif;">作用说明</span></strong>
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    8192
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    <span style="font-family: '微软雅黑',sans-serif;">设置</span>inotifywait<span style="font-family: '微软雅黑',sans-serif;">或</span>inotifywatch<span style="font-family: '微软雅黑',sans-serif;">命令可以监视的文件数量（单进程）</span>
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    128
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    <span style="font-family: '微软雅黑',sans-serif;">设置每个用户可以运行的</span>inotifywait<span style="font-family: '微软雅黑',sans-serif;">或</span>inotifywatch<span style="font-family: '微软雅黑',sans-serif;">命令的进程数</span>
  </p>
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    16384
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    <span style="font-family: '微软雅黑',sans-serif;">设置</span>inotify<span style="font-family: '微软雅黑',sans-serif;">实例事件（</span>event<span style="font-family: '微软雅黑',sans-serif;">）队列可容纳的事件数量</span>
  </p>
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1.4.2 【服务优化】可以将三个文件的数值调大，监听更大的范围

1.4.3 【官方说明】三个重要文件

/proc/sys/fs/inotify/max_user_instances This specifies an upper limit on the number of inotify instances that can be created per real user ID.

/proc/sys/fs/inotify/max_user_watches This specifies an upper limit on the number of watches that can be created per real user ID.

1.5 inotify软件介绍及参数说明

1.5.1 两种安装方式

注：    YUM 安装需要有epel源

    inotify软件的参考资料链接：

1.5.2 inotify主要安装的两个软件

说明：在实时实时同步的时候，主要是利用inotifywait对目录进行监控

1.5.3 inotifywait命令参数说明

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    <strong><span style="font-family: '微软雅黑',sans-serif;">含义</span></strong>
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  <p style="text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
    <strong><span style="font-family: '微软雅黑',sans-serif; courier new"4courier new"; color: red;">（重要参数）</span></strong>
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    Keep listening for events forever.&nbsp; Without this option, inotifywait will exit after one event is received.
  </p>
  
  <p style="text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
    <span style="font-family: '微软雅黑',sans-serif;">始终保持事件监听。</span>
  </p>
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    111
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  <p style="text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
    <strong><span style="font-family: '微软雅黑',sans-serif; courier new"4courier new"; color: red;">（重要参数）</span></strong>
  </p>
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    Watch all subdirectories of any directories passed as arguments.
  </p>
  
  <p style="text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
    <span style="font-family: '微软雅黑',sans-serif;">递归监控目录数据信息变化</span>
  </p>
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    Print events to <file> rather than stdout.
  </p>
  
  <p style="text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
    <span style="font-family: '微软雅黑',sans-serif;">打印事件到文件中，相当于标准正确输出</span>
  </p>
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    Output errors to syslog(3) system log module rather than stderr.
  </p>
  
  <p style="text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
    <span style="font-family: '微软雅黑',sans-serif;">发送错误到</span>syslog<span style="font-family: '微软雅黑',sans-serif;">相当于标准错误输出</span>
  </p>
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  <p style="text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
    <strong><span style="font-family: '微软雅黑',sans-serif; courier new"4courier new"; color: red;">（重要参数）</span></strong>
  </p>
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    If specified once, the program will be less verbose.&nbsp; Specifically, it will not state&nbsp; when&nbsp; it&nbsp; has&nbsp; completed establishing all inotify watches.
  </p>
  
  <p style="text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
    <span style="font-family: '微软雅黑',sans-serif;">输出信息少（只打印事件信息）</span>
  </p>
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    Exclude all events on files matching the extended regular expression <pattern>.
  </p>
  
  <p style="text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
    <span style="font-family: '微软雅黑',sans-serif;">排除文件或目录</span>
  </p>
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    Like --exclude but case insensitive.
  </p>
  
  <p style="text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
    <span style="font-family: '微软雅黑',sans-serif;">排除文件或目录时，不区分大小写</span>
  </p>
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  <p style="text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
    <strong><span style="font-family: '微软雅黑',sans-serif; courier new"4courier new"; color: red;">（重要参数）</span></strong>
  </p>
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    Print using a specified printf-like format string; read the man page for more details.
  </p>
  
  <p style="text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
    <span style="font-family: '微软雅黑',sans-serif;">指定时间输出格式</span>
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  <p style="text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
    <strong><span style="font-family: '微软雅黑',sans-serif; courier new"4courier new"; color: red;">（重要参数）</span></strong>
  </p>
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    Print using a specified printf-like formatstring; read the man page for more details.
  </p>
  
  <p style="text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
    <span style="font-family: '微软雅黑',sans-serif;">打印使用指定的输出类似格式字符串；即实际监控输出内容</span>
  </p>
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  <p style="text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
    <strong><span style="font-family: '微软雅黑',sans-serif; courier new"4courier new"; color: red;">（重要参数）</span></strong>
  </p>
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    Listen for specific event(s).&nbsp; If omitted, all events are listened for.
  </p>
  
  <p style="text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
    <span style="font-family: '微软雅黑',sans-serif;">指定监听指定的事件，如果省略，表示所有事件都进行监听</span>
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1.5.4 -e[参数]  可以指定的事件类型

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    <strong><span style="font-family: '微软雅黑',sans-serif;">事件说明</span></strong>
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    file or directory contents were read
  </p>
  
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    <span style="font-family: '微软雅黑',sans-serif;">文件或目录内容被读取</span>
  </p>
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  <p style="text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
    file or directory contents were writterv
  </p>
  
  <p style="text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
    <span style="font-family: '微软雅黑',sans-serif;">文件或目录内容被写入</span>
  </p>
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  <p style="text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
    file or directory attributes changed
  </p>
  
  <p style="text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
    <span style="font-family: '微软雅黑',sans-serif;">文件或目录属性改变</span>
  </p>
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  <p style="text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
    <strong><span style="font-family: '微软雅黑',sans-serif; courier new"4courier new"; color: red;">（重要参数）</span></strong>
  </p>
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    file or directory closed, after being opened in writeable mode.
  </p>
  
  <p style="text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
    <span style="font-family: '微软雅黑',sans-serif;">文件或目录关闭，在写入模式打开之后关闭的。</span>
  </p>
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    file or directory closed, after being opened in read-only mode.
  </p>
  
  <p style="text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
    <span style="font-family: '微软雅黑',sans-serif;">文件或目录关闭，在只读模式打开之后关闭的</span>
  </p>
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    file or directory closed, regardless of read/write mode
  </p>
  
  <p style="text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
    <span style="font-family: '微软雅黑',sans-serif;">文件或目录关闭，不管读或是写模式</span>
  </p>
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  <p style="text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
    file or directory opened
  </p>
  
  <p style="text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
    <span style="font-family: '微软雅黑',sans-serif;">文件或目录被打开</span>
  </p>
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  <p style="text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
    <span style="font-family: '微软雅黑',sans-serif;">拉</span>
  </p>
</td>

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  <p style="text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
    file or directory moved to watched directory
  </p>
  
  <p style="text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
    <span style="font-family: '微软雅黑',sans-serif;">文件或目录被移动到监控的目录中</span>
  </p>
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  <p>
    <span style="font-family: '微软雅黑',sans-serif;">推</span>
  </p>
</td>

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  <p>
    file or directory moved from watched directory
  </p>
  
  <p>
    <span style="font-family: '微软雅黑',sans-serif;">文件或目录被移动从监控的目录中</span>
  </p>
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  <p>
    <strong><span style="font-family: '微软雅黑',sans-serif; courier new"4courier new";color: red;">（重要参数）</span></strong>
  </p>
</td>

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  <p>
    file or directory moved to or from watched directory
  </p>
  
  <p>
    <span style="font-family: '微软雅黑',sans-serif;">文件或目录不管移动到或是移出监控目录都触发事件</span>
  </p>
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  <p>
    <strong><span style="font-family: '微软雅黑',sans-serif; courier new"4courier new";color: red;">（重要参数）</span></strong>
  </p>
</td>

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  <p>
    file or directory created within watched directory
  </p>
  
  <p>
    <span style="font-family: '微软雅黑',sans-serif;">文件或目录创建在监控目录中</span>
  </p>
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  <p>
    <strong><span style="font-family: '微软雅黑',sans-serif; courier new"4courier new";color: red;">（重要参数）</span></strong>
  </p>
</td>

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  <p>
    file or directory deleted within watched directory
  </p>
  
  <p>
    <span style="font-family: '微软雅黑',sans-serif;">文件或目录被删除在监控目录中</span>
  </p>
</td>

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  <p>
    file or directory was deleted
  </p>
  
  <p>
    <span style="font-family: '微软雅黑',sans-serif;">文件或目录被删除，目录本身被删除</span>
  </p>
</td>

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  <p>
    file system containing file or directory unmounted
  </p>
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<span style=“courier new"4courier new”;background: olive;">1.5.4.1 <span style=“font-family: ‘微软雅黑’,sans-serif; courier new"4courier new”;background: olive;">【实例】inotifywait<span style=“font-family: ‘微软雅黑’,sans-serif; courier new"4courier new”;background: olive;">监控中的事件测试

1、创建事件

2、删除事件

3、修改事件

4、移动事件 moved_to

1.5.5 inotifywait 参数 –format 格式定义参数

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  <p style="text-align: center;" align="center">
    <strong><span style="font-family: '微软雅黑',sans-serif;">参数说明</span></strong>
  </p>
</td>

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  <p style="text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
    <span style="font-family: '微软雅黑',sans-serif;">事件出现时，监控文件或目录的名称信息</span>
  </p>
</td>

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  <p style="text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
    <span style="font-family: '微软雅黑',sans-serif;">事件出现时，将显示监控目录下触发事件的文件或目录信息，否则为空</span>
  </p>
</td>

<td style="width: 388.35pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;" width="518">
  <p style="text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
    <span style="font-family: '微软雅黑',sans-serif;">显示发生的事件信息，不同的事件信息用逗号进行分隔</span>
  </p>
</td>

<td style="width: 388.35pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;" width="518">
  <p style="text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
    <span style="font-family: '微软雅黑',sans-serif;">显示发生的事件信息，不同的事件信息有</span>x<span style="font-family: '微软雅黑',sans-serif;">进行分隔，可以修改</span>X<span style="font-family: '微软雅黑',sans-serif;">为指定分隔符</span>
  </p>
</td>

<td style="width: 388.35pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;" width="518">
  <p style="text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
    <span style="font-family: '微软雅黑',sans-serif;">输出时间格式中定义的时间格式信息，通过</span> --timefmt option <span style="font-family: '微软雅黑',sans-serif;">语法格式指定时间信息</span>
  </p>
  
  <p style="text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
    <span style="font-family: '微软雅黑',sans-serif;">这个格式是通过</span>strftime<span style="font-family: '微软雅黑',sans-serif;">函数进行匹配时间格式信息的</span>
  </p>
</td>

1.5.6 inotifywait 参数–timefmt 时间格式参数

<td style="width: 416.7pt; border-top: 1pt solid windowtext; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; background: #a6a6a6; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="556">
  <p style="text-align: center;" align="center">
    <strong><span style="font-family: '微软雅黑',sans-serif;">参数说明</span></strong>
  </p>
</td>

<td style="width: 416.7pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;" width="556">
  <p style="text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
    The day of the month as a decimal number(range 01 to 31)
  </p>
  
  <p style="text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
    <span style="font-family: '微软雅黑',sans-serif;">每月的第几天，显示倍息为十进制数（范围是</span> 01-31 )
  </p>
</td>

<td style="width: 416.7pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; height: 39.15pt;" width="556">
  <p style="text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
    The month as a decimal number (range 01 to 12).
  </p>
  
  <p style="text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
    <span style="font-family: '微软雅黑',sans-serif;">显示月份，显示信息为十进制（范围</span> 01-12 )
  </p>
</td>

<td style="width: 416.7pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;" width="556">
  <p style="text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
    The minute as a decimal number (range 00 to 59).
  </p>
  
  <p style="text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
    <span style="font-family: '微软雅黑',sans-serif;">显示分钟，显示信息为十进制（范围</span> 00-59 )
  </p>
</td>

<td style="width: 416.7pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;" width="556">
  <p style="text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
    The year as a decimal number without a century (range 00 to 99).
  </p>
  
  <p style="text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
    <span style="font-family: '微软雅黑',sans-serif;">年份信息，显示信息为十进制，并且没有世纪信息</span>
  </p>
</td>

<td style="width: 416.7pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;" width="556">
  <p style="text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
    The year as a decimal number including the century.
  </p>
  
  <p style="text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
    <span style="font-family: '微软雅黑',sans-serif;">年份信息，显示信息为十进制，并且包含世纪信息</span>
  </p>
</td>

<td style="width: 416.7pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;" width="556">
  <p style="text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
    The hour as a decimal number using a 24-hour clock (range 00 to 23).
  </p>
  
  <p style="text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
    <span style="font-family: '微软雅黑',sans-serif;">小时信息，显示信息为十进制，使用</span> 24<span style="font-family: '微软雅黑',sans-serif;">小时制（范围</span> 00-23 )
  </p>
</td>

1.5.6.1 修改输出的日期格式

1.5.7 -e[参数] 重要监控事件参数汇总表：

<td style="width: 120.5pt; border-top: 1pt solid windowtext; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; background: #bfbfbf; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" width="161">
  <p style="text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
    <strong><span style="font-family: '微软雅黑',sans-serif;">包含事件</span></strong>
  </p>
</td>

<td style="width: 303.3pt; border-top: 1pt solid windowtext; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; background: #bfbfbf; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" width="404">
  <p style="text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
    <strong><span style="font-family: '微软雅黑',sans-serif;">备注说明</span></strong>
  </p>
</td>

<td style="width: 120.5pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;" width="161">
  <p style="text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
    close_write&nbsp;&nbsp;
  </p>
  
  <p style="text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
    close_nowrite
  </p>
</td>

<td style="width: 303.3pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;" width="404">
  <p style="text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
    <span style="font-family: '微软雅黑',sans-serif;">文件或目录关闭，不管读或是写模式</span>
  </p>
  
  <p style="text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
    <span style="font-family: '微软雅黑',sans-serif;">即包含写关闭与读关闭</span>
  </p>
</td>

<td style="width: 120.5pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;" width="161">
  <p style="text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
    create
  </p>
</td>

<td style="width: 303.3pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;" width="404">
  <p style="text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
    <span style="font-family: '微软雅黑',sans-serif;">包含文件创建事件，但不包含目录创建事件</span>
  </p>
</td>

<td style="width: 120.5pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;" width="161">
  <p style="text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
    moved_to&nbsp;&nbsp;
  </p>
  
  <p style="text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
    moved_from
  </p>
</td>

<td style="width: 303.3pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;" width="404">
  <p style="text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
    <span style="font-family: '微软雅黑',sans-serif;">文件或目录不管移动到或是移动出监控目录都触发事件</span>
  </p>
  
  <p style="text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
    <span style="font-family: '微软雅黑',sans-serif;">即包含信息移入或移出监控目录事件</span>
  </p>
</td>

  <p style="text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
    create <span style="font-family: '微软雅黑',sans-serif;">创建、</span> delete <span style="font-family: '微软雅黑',sans-serif;">删除、</span> movedjto <span style="font-family: '微软雅黑',sans-serif;">移入、</span> close_write <span style="font-family: '微软雅黑',sans-serif;">修</span> <span style="font-family: '微软雅黑',sans-serif;">改</span>
  </p>
  
  <p style="text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
    <span style="font-family: '微软雅黑',sans-serif;">inotifywait -mrq /data --format "%w%f"&nbsp; -e create,delete,moved_to,close_write</span>
  </p>
</td>

1.6 对inotifywait命令的测试

1.6.1 、创建文件的逻辑↓

1.6.2 创建目录逻辑↓

1.6.3 监控子目录下的文件↓

<span style=“courier new"4courier new”;background: fuchsia;">1.6.4 sed<span style=“font-family: ‘微软雅黑’,sans-serif; courier new"4courier new”;background: fuchsia;">命令修改逻辑

sed****<span style=“font-family: ‘微软雅黑’,sans-serif; courier new"4courier new”;background: lime;">命令替换逻辑 <span style=“font-family: ‘微软雅黑’,sans-serif; courier new"4courier new”;background: lime;">：

1. 创建临时文件

2. 将原文件内容放置到临时文件中，修改替换临时文件中的内容，原有文件不做改动

3. 重命名临时文件，覆盖原文件

1.6.5 inotifywait监控中 -e 的参数使用

    说明：表示只监听create事件

    说明：不指定-e参数，表示监听所有事件

    03. 修改事件close_write

    04. 移动事件moved_to

1.7 实时同步命令参数示意图

第2章 inotify+rsync实时同步服务部署

2.1 第一个里程碑：部署rsync服务

2.1.1 rsync服务端部署

1)软件是否存在

2)进行软件服务配置

[backup] comment = "backup dir by oldboy" path = /backup

[nfsbackup] comment = "nfsbackup dir by hzs" path = /nfsbackup

3)创建rsync管理用户

4)创建数据备份储存目录,目录修改属主

5)创建认证用户密码文件并进行授权600

6)启动rsync服务

至此服务端配置完成

2.1.2 rsync客户端配置

1)软件是否存在

2)创建安全认证文件，并进行修改权限600

3. 测试数据传输

2.2 第二个里程碑：部署inotify服务

首先先确认是否有epel**源**用来安装inotify-tools软件

2.2.1 安装inotify软件

注：

    inotify软件的参考资料链接：

2.2.2 查看inotify安装上的两个命令(inotifywait,inotifywatch)

2.2.2.1 inotifywait和inotifywatch的作用：

#命令 man手册说明 # man inotifywait inotifywait - wait for changes to files using inotify

使用inotify进行监控，等待产生变化的文件信息 # man inotifywatch inotifywatch - gather filesystem access statistics using inotify 使用inotify进行监控，收集文件系统访问统计佶息

2.3 第三个里程碑：编写脚本，实现rsync+inotify软件功能结合

2.3.1 rsync服务命令：

2.3.2 inotify服务命令：

2.3.3 编写脚本：

脚本说明：

2.3.4 对脚本进行优化

2.4 第四个里程碑：测试编写的脚本

2.4.1 让脚本在后台运行

在backup服务器上，已经时候同步过去了6个文件。

2.5 利用while循环语句编写的脚本停止方法（kill）

 说明：kill三个杀手不是万能的，在进程暂停时，无法杀死；kill -9 <span style=“font-family: ‘微软雅黑’,sans-serif; courier new"4courier new”; color: red;">（危险）

2.5.1 查看后台都要哪些程序在运行

2.5.2 fg将后台的程序调到前台来

2.6 进程的前台和后台运行方法：

2.6.1 脚本后台运行方法

nohup

2.7 screen实现脚本程序后台运行

2.7.1 经过yum查找发现screen命令属于screen包

2.7.2 安装screen软件

2.7.3 screen命令的参数

在shell中输入 screen即可进入screen 视图

Screen**实现后台运行程序的简单步骤:**

Screen**命令中用到的快捷键**

2.8 sersync软件实现实时同步

http://www.cnblogs.com/znix/p/7707828.html

    <li>
      <a href="#13_inotifyrsync">1.3 inotify+rsync 方式实现数据同步</a><ul>
        <li>
          <a href="#131_Inotify">1.3.1 Inotify简介</a>
        </li>
        <li>
          <a href="#132_inotifyrsync">1.3.2 inotify+rsync使用方式</a>
        </li>
      </ul>
    </li>
    
    <li>
      <a href="#14_inotify">1.4 部署inotify软件的前提</a><ul>
        <li>
          <a href="#141">1.4.1 三个重要文件的说明</a>
        </li>
        <li>
          <a href="#142">1.4.2 【服务优化】可以将三个文件的数值调大，监听更大的范围</a>
        </li>
        <li>
          <a href="#143">1.4.3 【官方说明】三个重要文件</a>
        </li>
      </ul>
    </li>
    
    <li>
      <a href="#15_inotify">1.5 inotify软件介绍及参数说明</a><ul>
        <li>
          <a href="#151">1.5.1 两种安装方式</a>
        </li>
        <li>
          <a href="#152_inotify">1.5.2 inotify主要安装的两个软件</a>
        </li>
        <li>
          <a href="#153_inotifywait">1.5.3 inotifywait命令参数说明</a>
        </li>
        <li>
          <a href="#154_-e_nbsp">1.5.4 -e[参数] &nbsp;可以指定的事件类型</a><ul>
            <li>
              <a href="#1541nbspinotifywait">1.5.4.1&nbsp;【实例】inotifywait监控中的事件测试</a>
            </li>
          </ul>
        </li>
        
        <li>
          <a href="#155_inotifywait_--format">1.5.5 inotifywait 参数 --format 格式定义参数</a>
        </li>
        <li>
          <a href="#156_inotifywait_--timefmt">1.5.6 inotifywait 参数--timefmt 时间格式参数</a><ul>
            <li>
              <a href="#1561nbsp">1.5.6.1&nbsp;修改输出的日期格式</a>
            </li>
          </ul>
        </li>
        
        <li>
          <a href="#157_-e">1.5.7 -e[参数] 重要监控事件参数汇总表：</a>
        </li>
      </ul>
    </li>
    
    <li>
      <a href="#16_inotifywait">1.6 对inotifywait命令的测试</a><ul>
        <li>
          <a href="#161_darr">1.6.1 、创建文件的逻辑&darr;</a>
        </li>
        <li>
          <a href="#162_darr">1.6.2 创建目录逻辑&darr;</a>
        </li>
        <li>
          <a href="#163_darr">1.6.3 监控子目录下的文件&darr;</a>
        </li>
        <li>
          <a href="#164_sed">1.6.4 sed命令修改逻辑</a>
        </li>
        <li>
          <a href="#165_inotifywait_-e">1.6.5 inotifywait监控中 -e 的参数使用</a>
        </li>
      </ul>
    </li>
    
    <li>
      <a href="#17">1.7 实时同步命令参数示意图</a>
    </li>
  </ul>
</li>

<li>
  <a href="#2_inotifyrsync">第2章 inotify+rsync实时同步服务部署</a><ul>
    <li>
      <a href="#21_rsync">2.1 第一个里程碑：部署rsync服务</a><ul>
        <li>
          <a href="#211_rsync">2.1.1 rsync服务端部署</a>
        </li>
        <li>
          <a href="#212_rsync">2.1.2 rsync客户端配置</a>
        </li>
      </ul>
    </li>
    
    <li>
      <a href="#22_inotify">2.2 第二个里程碑：部署inotify服务</a><ul>
        <li>
          <a href="#221_inotify">2.2.1 安装inotify软件</a>
        </li>
        <li>
          <a href="#222_inotifyinotifywaitinotifywatch">2.2.2 查看inotify安装上的两个命令(inotifywait,inotifywatch)</a><ul>
            <li>
              <a href="#2221nbspinotifywaitinotifywatch">2.2.2.1&nbsp;inotifywait和inotifywatch的作用：</a>
            </li>
          </ul>
        </li>
      </ul>
    </li>
    
    <li>
      <a href="#23_rsyncinotify">2.3 第三个里程碑：编写脚本，实现rsync+inotify软件功能结合</a><ul>
        <li>
          <a href="#231_rsync">2.3.1 rsync服务命令：</a>
        </li>
        <li>
          <a href="#232_inotify">2.3.2 inotify服务命令：</a>
        </li>
        <li>
          <a href="#233">2.3.3 编写脚本：</a>
        </li>
        <li>
          <a href="#234">2.3.4 对脚本进行优化</a>
        </li>
      </ul>
    </li>
    
    <li>
      <a href="#24">2.4 第四个里程碑：测试编写的脚本</a><ul>
        <li>
          <a href="#241">2.4.1 让脚本在后台运行</a>
        </li>
      </ul>
    </li>
    
    <li>
      <a href="#25_whilekill">2.5 利用while循环语句编写的脚本停止方法（kill）</a><ul>
        <li>
          <a href="#251">2.5.1 查看后台都要哪些程序在运行</a>
        </li>
        <li>
          <a href="#252_fg">2.5.2 fg将后台的程序调到前台来</a>
        </li>
      </ul>
    </li>
    
    <li>
      <a href="#26">2.6 进程的前台和后台运行方法：</a><ul>
        <li>
          <a href="#261">2.6.1 脚本后台运行方法</a>
        </li>
      </ul>
    </li>
    
    <li>
      <a href="#27_screen">2.7 screen实现脚本程序后台运行</a><ul>
        <li>
          <a href="#271_yumscreenscreen">2.7.1 经过yum查找发现screen命令属于screen包</a>
        </li>
        <li>
          <a href="#272_screen">2.7.2 安装screen软件</a>
        </li>
        <li>
          <a href="#273_screen">2.7.3 screen命令的参数</a>
        </li>
      </ul>
    </li>
    
    <li>
      <a href="#28_sersync">2.8 sersync软件实现实时同步</a>
    </li>
  </ul>
</li>